There were also few experiments using Brewer's yeast as a glucose tolerance factor (GTF) – a complement to chromium. Improved glucose tolerance and lower blood cholesterol occur in about 50 percent of the elderly subjects who are supplemented daily with inorganic chromium of 150-250 µg. In some cases of maturity-onset diabetes and atherosclerotic disease, such a chromium deficiency was proposed as a contributing factor. In the US, where the consumption of chromium is generally low, many older people may be affected. There is evidence that the marginal dietary intake of chromium in humans over decades can lead to a depletion of chromium content in the body. More attention has been given in recent years to the beneficial role of trivalent chromium designated an essential mineral in controlling the action of insulin and its effect on carbohydrate, protein, and lipid metabolism (8). There has been an ongoing search for new efficient, safer and cheaper drugs to achieve these goals. Treatment for diabetes mellitus aims to allow patients to lead a normal life while maintaining a stable metabolic state to slow down or avoid long-term diabetes complications. Hypoglycemia is commonly associated with higher doses of sulfonylureas, weight gain (sulfonylureas and meglitinides), hepatic dysfunction, increased heart failure risk as well as bone fractures (thiazolidinediones) and gastrointestinal disorders (acarbose) (7). Presently, insulin and oral antidiabetic medications are the cornerstones of therapy, but they have their drawbacks. Diabetic cardiomyopathy is characterized by abnormal changes in morphology and function of the myocardial and coronary vasculature (6). Cardiovascular complications, including myocardial infarction, is one of the significant causes of death in diabetic patients. Increased blood glucose levels are typical in early stages of stroke, and a glucose level of more than 155 mg/dL within 48 hours after stroke onset is associated with a high mortality risk (5). Previously conducted studies (3, 4) showed that the risk for stroke with high morbidity was significantly elevated in patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes. Also, diabetes has an increased risk of stroke, a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients (2). Congestive cardiac failure, myocardial ischemia, and stroke represent over 70% of diabetic mortality, which belongs to macrovascular diseases. Generally, chronic complications are classified into macrovascular and microvascular complications. Severe complications include ketoacidosis and ketoacidotic coma. Patients with diabetes mellitus can present both acute and chronic complications. Results: Brewer's yeast administration significantly decreased blood glucose levels and prevented reduction in body weight, increased food intake and alterations in the lipid profile compared to untreated groups, and were comparable to the groups treated with standard drugs.Ĭonclusion: Results of this study showed that oral administration of Brewer's yeast extract might be an excellent alternative antidiabetic agent which could be also useful in reducing the required dose of standard antidiabetic agents when combined.ĭiabetes mellitus is characterised by chronic hyperglycemia with carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism disorder arising from insulin secretion malfunction, its impact, or both (1). Body weight (weekly), food intake (every day), blood glucose, and lipid profile (initially and at the end of the study) were assessed for four weeks in all groups. To induce diabetes, Streptozotocin was administered intraperitoneally to all rats, except control group rats. Animals were randomly (n=6) divided into eight groups as normal control, normal control receiving Brewer's yeast, diabetic, Brewer's yeast receiving diabetic, Metformin-treated diabetic, and Glimepiride-treated diabetic, and two diabetic groups treated with Brewer's yeast and 50% of the Metformin and Glimepiride doses, respectively. Methodology: The study used Wistar rats of both sexes weighing 150-200 g. Introduction: This study was aimed to evaluate the beneficial effects of containing glucose tolerance factor (GTF) from Brewer's yeast in improving glycaemic control in diabetic rats and lowering some of the risk factors for cardiovascular disorders.
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